@article {588,
	title = {Academic spin-offs{\textquoteright} entrepreneurial teams and performance: a subgroups approach},
	journal = {Journal of Technology Transfer},
	volume = {43},
	year = {2018},
	pages = {714-733},
	publisher = {Springer New York LLC},
	abstract = {<p>Academic spin-offs{\textquoteright} entrepreneurial teams generally concentrate high levels of research and development experience while they are often found lacking in commercial skills. This prompts the integration of surrogate entrepreneurs (practitioners) but the literature questions the effectiveness of these artificially created teams. We argue that faultline theory applied to this context of different identity-based subgroups in a team can provide important insight, and complement the traditional approaches to top team diversity such as upper echelons theory. Our research compares the impact of the three main possible academic spin-off entrepreneurial team configurations on the two principal success-related tasks, innovation and sales, and considers the role important stakeholders, such as public research institutions and industrial partners, can have. In a sample of 164 academic spin-offs, we show that certain configurations are more suited to certain objectives and that faultline theory does indeed contribute to better our understanding of the entrepreneurial teams{\textquoteright} outcomes. Furthermore, the expectations one might have with regard to the extended entrepreneurial team as a possible remedy for weak core team configurations are not supported by our data. Implications for theory and practice are provided. {\textcopyright} 2017, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.</p>
},
	keywords = {Academic spin-offs, Commercial performance, Diversity, Entrepreneurial teams, Faultline theory, Industrial research, Innovation, Societies and institutions},
	issn = {08929912},
	doi = {10.1007/s10961-017-9623-7},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85029506376\&doi=10.1007\%2fs10961-017-9623-7\&partnerID=40\&md5=6c0b418a9a68daaec50147776448fdfa},
	author = {Ben-Hafa{\"\i}edh, C. and Micozzi, A. and Pattitoni, P.}
}
@book {593,
	title = {Fostering female entrepreneurship in academic spin-offs},
	series = {University Evolution, Entrepreneurial Activity and Regional Competitiveness},
	volume = {32},
	year = {2016},
	pages = {49-68},
	publisher = {Springer International Publishing},
	organization = {Springer International Publishing},
	abstract = {<p>We aim at analyzing female participation in Italian academic spin-offs using publically available data and a unique hand-collected database of all academic spin-offs set up in Italy from 2002 to 2007. We base our study on three complementary levels of analysis: macro, meso, and micro level. We show that the gender gap in academic spin-offs is relevant and that a certain degree of spatial heterogeneity-possibly reflecting cultural and environmental differences between Italian provinces-exists. Furthermore, our findings show a disadvantage of females in the startup funding phase: an unfavorable circumstance that reduces their chances of success and force them to create new businesses mainly in the service sector. Social relationships and empathy among females may help compensate their disadvantages and break down barriers to entrepreneurship. {\textcopyright} Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016. All rights are reserved.</p>
},
	isbn = {9783319177137; 9783319177120},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-17713-7_3},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84955356582\&doi=10.1007\%2f978-3-319-17713-7_3\&partnerID=40\&md5=1e80ebb520c4d7c9d4ee7a8fd5d3130f},
	author = {Micozzi, A. and Micozzi, F. and Pattitoni, P.}
}
